01 / The question
How can a sensor be tested before it touches a person?
The project created a finger-like phantom for electromagnetic probe testing when direct human testing was not available.
02 / The intuition
A mechanism worth testing.
A physical test object can support repeatable engineering measurements, but it must be characterised rather than assumed to behave like tissue.
03 / The work
Inside the method.
Explore each part of the approach.
01Select materials
The work considered PVA hydrogels, PVDF and rigid polymer components for the test object.
02Assemble a surrogate
The materials were combined into a practical test geometry for the sensing setup.
03Measure the response
A vector network analyser was used for electromagnetic characterisation and probe testing.
04 / The observations
What emerged.
The notes describe phantom construction and electromagnetic measurements as a route to evaluating a sensing setup.
This account is based on recorded project notes. Original reports, figures and datasets are not embedded here.
05 / The limits
Where the evidence stops.
A phantom response does not demonstrate non-invasive glucose or cortisol measurement in people. Biological representativeness and sensor specificity need separate evidence.
The academic foundations